NIKKEN PIMAG ? Sports bottle/water bottle

It is no longer just a great water filter. Rather, the new filter is state-of-the-art with nanotechnology. And the capacity of the filter to reduce potential contaminants, including pathogens, from drinking water is now considerably increased.

The filter has a CLM (Charged Layer Membrane) filter media. This filter medium consists of a non-woven fiber substrate impregnated with nano-aluminum particles. These particles generate an electrokinetic field or charge field around the fibers. Water passing through the filter is exposed to this charge field. The charge attracts and binds negatively charged ions, similar to a magnet that attracts iron filings. Pathogens have a negative charge, which is why the CLM medium pulls them out of the water stream passing through the filter.

Under normal circumstances, municipal drinking water is disinfected before and during distribution. However, after natural disasters such as hurricanes, floods and earthquakes, the water supply infrastructure can be affected. A contamination with bacteria like E. coli makes water unsuitable as drinking water. Protozoa cysts such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium may be resistant to chlorine used for disinfection and may be present in water even if the municipal water supply is intact. The new PiMag? CLM filter can remove pathogens that may be present in drinking water.

Yes. In addition to the electrokinetic effect described above, the filter medium is also characterized by extremely fine activated carbon particles. In contrast to other filters, the activated carbon is contained in the filter medium without the use of a binding agent. Thus, the entire surface of the activated carbon particles is available to absorb organic contaminants. This design maximizes the performance of the activated carbon.

These are a new class of drinking water contaminants that are currently being researched. Municipal drinking water is not currently being tested for them, and they are not regulated by the Safe Drinking Water Act.

Emerging contaminants include industrial and pharmaceutical compounds in general, personal care products and substances with endocrine disrupting effects.

Emerging contaminants are currently being researched. However, there are already indications that long-term consumption could have effects on public health.

CLM filter technology is proving to be a promising technology for reducing emerging contaminants that may be present in our drinking water supply.

Yes. Plastics can occur in water in two forms. The most common form is plastic particles, the so-called microplastics. These are tiny, water-insoluble plastic particles. They range in size from 2 to 100 microns (?m). As a clue: a human hair has a diameter of about 100 ?m. Particles of 50 ?m in size are just visible to the human eye. The majority of particles occurring in water are in the range no longer visible to the human eye. The CLM medium in the new Nikken filter removes particles larger than 2 ?m from the water by mechanically retaining these small plastic particles. These particles are too large to pass through the micropores of the filter media. Plastic is also present in water in another form: in a molecular state in the form of ions. Plastics are composed of long chain polymers. If plastic components of bottle material have migrated into the water, this means that part of one of these long polymer chains has broken off or been separated. The polymer chains that form plastics are carbon chains. Carbon is a negatively charged ion. The electrostatic charge of the CLM medium traps these negatively charged ions. Nikken's new CLM filter therefore removes both plastic particles and plastics in molecular form from drinking water.

Yes. The CLM filter media is patented and a patent application exists for the filter design. The CLM media was originally developed for NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration).

The extremely small nanoparticles inside the CLM filter exponentially increase the active surface area available to capture contaminants present in drinking water. Filters that use carbon granules (such as table water filters) do not offer this advantage.

No. The previous filter (U.S. Patent No. 8439205) is a carbon-zeolite filter widely used in drinking water filtration and meets or exceeds internationally recognized filter standards.

The filter meets all previous ANSI/NSF standards and offers the following additional filtration performance: - Reduction of microbial cysts: exceeds standard (99.9%) - Reduction of bacteria: exceeds standard (99.9999%) - Exceptionally good removal of pathogens - Wide range of performance in reducing chemical contaminants and heavy metals - High performance in removing suspended solids, turbidity and particles - Improved drinkability due to the permeable CLM membrane - Increase of pH to a value above 8.5 The above mentioned features are additional advantages that the new filter offers in addition to the following features: Solids: exceeds standard Reduction of chlorine content: exceeds standard Improvement of taste and odour: exceeds standard Reduction of lead content: exceeds standard Volatile organic compounds: exceeds standard MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether): exceeds standard

The filter is now smaller, which reduces the weight of the PiMag? water bottle slightly.

Yes. The new filter uses an alkalizing filter medium that increases the pH value of the water from 7 to over 8.5, which corresponds to a 15- to 25-fold increase in pH value. The pH value indicates the concentration of hydrogen ion activity as a negative ten logarithm, so a one-step on the scale corresponds to a tenfold concentration of OH ions.

The new filter can filter up to 150 litres of water, which is equivalent to three months' use under normal conditions.

It is the only water bottle with a filter that provides a comprehensive filtration performance and at the same time produces basic water. It therefore combines three important properties: filtration, alkalization (through the filter) and de-clustering (through the magnets in the bottle neck).

The filter can be rinsed with water However, you should not use soap as it may clog the pores of the CLM filter media.